Textile-fabric manufacture



W. SCHOLES.

TEXTILE FABRIC MANUFACTURE,

APPLICATION FILED AUGAQ. 1919.

1363,2890 Patented Dec. 28, 1920.

WITNESSES: IN VEN TOR i 6' J William SchoZeS,

' flf wf g TTORNEYS.

STATES WILLIAM SCHOLES, 0F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

TEXTILE-FABRIC MANUFACTURE.

Application filed August 19, 1919.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM SoHoLns, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Textile-Fabric Manufacture, whereof the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to textile fabric manufacture, and more especially to the paper cord type of fabrics, whose commonest form and purpose is that of a floor covering. It is my aim to improve, expe dite, and cheapen the manufacture of such fabrics in respect to the preparation of the weft material and its incorporation in the fabric.

In paper cord fabrics prior to my invention, the paper weft or filler material has been introduced into the warp in the weaving operation in the form of tightly twisted,

hard cord, of approximately round cross section,--often with the addition of other weft material (such as woolen thread or the like,) suitably colored and arranged to form an ornamental pattern. This tightly twisted paper weft cord is, however, expensive to manufacture, since it requires an elaborate and costly operation and a large investment in twisting machinery. It has, indeed, been proposed (see British Patent No. 12,462 of 1913) to employ paper weft material in the form of very narrow, heavy paper strip, doubled sidewise upon itself so as to present an approximately square crosssection. This, however, has the disadvantage of giving a fabric with an angular weft, as well as certain others which it is unnecessary to detail.

I have discovered that fabric with rounded paper weft can be produced without the usual twisting operation, by introducing the weft material into woof in the form of narrow, thin, fiat ribbon, and bringing this ribbon weft into rounded cord-like form in situ. This mode of procedure offers the advantage that the flat ribbon can be very quickly and inexpensively prepared, by means of very simple apparatus; that it lies closer and more compact-when wound, and thus forms a tighter and more solid cop, containing a much greater length of material than could be wound in the same space in the form of cord; and that a less length of paper stock is required forthe produc- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 28, 1920.

Serial No. 318,432.

tion of a given effective length of weft. How these and other advantages can be obtained in accordance with my invention will be apparent from the description hereinafter of the best mode of carrying it out at present known to me, while its real scope and essence will be indicated in my claims.

In the drawing, Figure I is a perspective v1ew illustrating the production of the paper weft material and the winding of the same lnto a cop.

Fig. II is a view on a larger scale than Fig. I illustrating the winding operation there shown, and especially the collapsing and flattening of the previously formed hollow tube.

Fig. III is a fragmentary perspective view of a cop of such ribbon on a somewhat larger scale, showing how the ribbon comes from the cop in the loom.

Fig. IV is an enlarged perspective and cross-sectional view of the ribbon, with thethickness of the material rather exaggerated and the plies slightly separated for the sake of clearness, indicating the general character of its internal structure.

Fig. V is an edgewise sectional view of the fabric as it is being woven.

The material which I ordinarily prefer to employ is sulfite-pulp,-16 lbs. weight, for example. A roll of this material is sliced, transversely, into a number of thin, fiat rolls of paper strip such as shown in Fig. I: this strip may be some inch wide, for example. This strip material may advantageously be humidified, as by immersing each of the fiat rolls some two or three minutes in Water at ordinary temperature and then allowing it to stand and dry some twenty-four hours prior to use. (If its use is to be longer postponed, the immersion should be prolonged somewhat, or the rolls should afterward be covered to protect them against drying so rapidly.) The effect of the immersion is, of course, to soak the outer surface of the rollmuch wetter than its interior; but this inemf uality is cured by subsequent diffusion o the water inward and outward. The humidity is important as regards the formation of the weft material from the ribbon, the formation and stability of the cop and the weaving of the weft material in the loom. 1

The humidified roll 1 is laid sidewise on the floor, and the strip 2 is drawn from the center of the roll and carried up over a guide rod 3 and down through a porcelain eyelet 4 or (other smooth aperture) and an oscillating feed arm 5, to a revolving spindle 6, which winds it into a cop 7 in the usual manner,one or more winding cones 8 bearing against the cop end and gradually forcing the cop itself to the right as it builds. The parts 5, 6, and 8 may be constructed and operated in any well known manner; their action in the formation of the cop is well-understood in the art, and re uires no description.

.t will be seen that as the paper strip 2 is drawn from the center of the roll 1, it has a certain relatively slight, loose twist, and that as it passes through the eyelet 4, It is rounded into a hollow, loosely twisted tubular form 9. It will readily be understood that as the slightly twisted paper tube 9 winds upon the cop 7, it is collapsed, flattened and crimped by the bending under tension and the pressure of the cone 8, into the form of a thin, flat ribbon 10 (see Figs. II, III and IV) whose somewhat varyin width is very much less than that of t e original plain strip, owing to its being slightly plied (to the extent of some two or more thicknesses) as a result of its having been flattened from a rather loosely twisted hollow tube. The average width and number of plies depend largely on the size of the aperture of the eyelet 4: F or 2 inch ribbon, good results will be secured with an aperture of about inch diameter,-although very considerable variation is admissible. The average twist of the strip 2 in the ribbon 10 will, of course, vary considerably as between the ribbon formed when the strip is being drawn from the center of the roll 1 and that formed when the strip is coming from its outer portion. Despite all variation as between the inside and the outside of the roll 1, however, the twist of the ribbon 2 in the tube 9 will always be a sli ht, relatively loose one such as shown in P ig. I; and the ribbon will never be twisted into tight round cord, as distinguished from slightly twisted hollow tube. Such tight round cord either would not flatten at all in being wound on the spindle 6, or would when wound make a heavy, many-plied fiat c0rd,as distinguished from thin ribbon,'incapable of winding compactly, and quite without the property of assuming a rounded cord-like form in the beating-up operation of weav- The cop 7 may now be placed in the loom shuttle and the ribbon weft material inter- .woven with the warp 11, 11 in the usual manner. As will be seen from Fig. III, the

' flat ribbon 10 will itself receive a somewhat variable twist as'it is drawn from the center of the cop 7 by the movements of the shuttle. It will be found that as the reed 12 of the loom beats up the weft or fillin 10 in the shed, 11, 11 as indicated in Fig. it will cause the weft to assume a rounded, cord-like form such as shown in the completed fabric at the right of Fig. V. The result is such that the fabric is virtually indistinguishable from similar fabric woven with twisted paper cord weft according to previous practice.

The weaving operation will go on better if the paper ribbon in the shuttle is in about the humidified condition in which it comes from the operations illustrated in Fig. I; so that if the cops cannot be used as wound, it is desirable to store them in a humid environment,covered with a damp or moist cloth, for example. The twist of the strip in the formation of the ribbon and the twist of the ribbon itself in the loom promote the assumption by the weft of a well-rounded lorm,although not absolutely essential to satisfactory results in some classes of work.

Having thus described my invention, 1 claim:

1. The process of producing textile fabric with paper cord weft which consists in forming a cop of paper strip weft material crumpled and wound in the form of relatively narrow, thin. flat ribbon; introducing into the warp the ribbon weft from said cop,

and causing said ribbon weft to assume a rounded, cord-like form in situ.

2. The process of producing textile fabric with paper cord weft which consists in, forming a cop of humid paper strip weft material plied and wound in the form of relatively narrow, thin, flat ribbon; introducing into the warp the humid ribbon weft from said cop; and causing the ribbon weft to assume a rounded, cord-like form in the beating-up operation.

3. The process of producing textile fabric with paper cord weft which consists in bringing paper strip weft material into twisted tubular form, collapsing the same into thin,

. flat, plied ribbon, using this ribbon as weft,

and converting it into rounded cord-like form in the weaving operation.

4:. The method of producing textile fabric with paper cord weft which consists in introducing the paper weft into the warp in the form of thin, fiat, plied ribbon, and then and there bringing said ribbon weft into rounded, cord-like form.

5. The method of producing textile fabric with paper cord weft which consists in introducing paper strip weft material into the warp in the form of relatively narrow, thin, flat, plied ribbon; concurrently imparting a twist to said ribon; and causing the twisted ribbon weft to assume a rounded, cord-like form through the beating-up operation.

6. The method of producing textile fabric with paper cord weft which consists in introducing paper strip weft material into the warp in crumpled condition and in the form of relatively narrow, thin, fiat ribbon, and then and there causing said ribbon weft to assume a rounded, cord-like form through the pressure of the reed thereagainst.

7. The method of producing textile fabric with paper cord weft which consists in introducing paper strip weft material into the warp in the form of thin, flat, crumpled and plied ribbon having the character of a collapsed tube and causing said ribbon weft to assume cord-like form in the beating-up operation.

8. The method of forming a compact, solid cop for the weaving of textile fabric with paper cord weft which consists in drawing paper strip weft material through a relatively small but free-running aperture, and tightly winding the strip, as it comes from said aperture, in crumpled condition and in the form of relatively narrow, thin, flat ribbon.

9. The method of forming aper weft ma terial for the production of textile fabric with rounded paper cord weft which consists in bringing paper strip into twisted hollow tubular form and colla sing and flattening the tube into thin, at, relatively narrow and slightly plied ribbon.

10. As an'article of manufacture, paper weft material consisting of paper strip in the form of thin, fiat, slightly plied ribbon, of relatively narrow width, having the char acter of a collapsed hollow tube and the property of assuming a rounded, cord-like form in the beating-up operation of weaving.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name at Philadelphia, Pennsyl- Vania, this twelfth day of August, 1919.

WILLIAM SOHOLES.

Witnesses: I

JAMES H. BELL, E. L. FULLERTON. 

